A |
8月16日，武安市贺进镇苏庄村乡村大食堂内，低龄老人正在做饭。高树良供图“十五五”规划纲要提出，统筹规划养老服务设施布局，优化基本养老服务供给，推动养老服务扩容提质增效。
B | DETROIT -- Detroit's three automakers have laid off roughly 4,800 workers at factories that are not among the plants that have been hit by the United Auto Workers strikes, which have lasted for nearly four weeks.The companies say the strikes have nevertheless forced them to impose those layoffs. They note that the job cuts have occurred mainly at factories that make parts for assembly plants that were closed by strikes. In one case, layoffs have been imposed at a factory that uses supplies from a parts factory on strike.The UAW rejects that argument. It contends that the layoffs are unjustified and were imposed as part of the companies' pressure campaign to persuade UAW members to accept less favorable terms in negotiations with automakers. The factories that have been affected by layoffs are in six states: Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Kansas, Indiana and New York. Sam Fiorani, an analyst with AutoForecast Solutions, a consulting firm, said he thinks the layoffs reflect a simple reality: The automakers are losing money because of the strikes. By slowing or idling factories that are running below their capacities because of strike-related parts shortages, Fiorani said, the companies can mitigate further losses.“It doesn’t make sense to keep running at 30% or 40% of capacity when it normally runs at 100%,” he said. “We’re not looking at huge numbers of workers relative to the ones actually being struck. But there is fallout.”In a statement, Bryce Currie, vice president of Americas manufacturing at Ford, said: “While we are doing what we can to avoid layoffs, we have no choice but to reduce production of parts that would be destined for a plant that is on strike."UAW President Shawn Fain countered in a statement that the automakers were using layoffs to pressure the union into settling the strike. With billions in profits, Fain argued, the companies don’t have to lay off a single employee.The UAW began striking against General Motors, Ford and Stellantis on Sept. 15, with one assembly plant from each company. The next week, the union expanded the strike to 38 GM and Stellantis parts warehouses. Assembly plants from Ford and GM were added the week after that. All told, about 25,000 workers have walked off their jobs at the three automakers. Striking workers are receiving $500 a week from the union’s strike pay fund. By contrast, anyone who is laid off would qualify for state unemployment aid, which, depending on a variety of circumstances, could be less or more than $500 a week. “Their plan won’t work,” Fain said. “The UAW will make sure any worker laid off in the Big Three’s latest attack will not go without an income.”GM said it has laid off 2,330 workers, including 1,600 at a temporarily closed assembly plant in Kansas City, Kansas, that makes the Chevrolet Malibu sedan and Cadillac XT4 small SUV. The plant uses metal parts produced at the GM plant in Wentzville, Missouri, which is on strike. Other GM facilities that have been affected by layoffs are in Lockport, New York; Toledo, Ohio; Marion, Indiana; Parma, Ohio; and Lansing, Michigan.Ford said it has laid off 1,865 workers. They include 600 auto-body and parts-stamping employees in Wayne, Michigan, who are not on strike but who have been affected by a nearby assembly plant that has been struck. Other Ford locations with layoffs include Chicago; Sterling Heights and Livonia, Michigan; and Cleveland and Lima, Ohio. Stellantis said late Monday that it had laid off about 640 workers, including 520 at an engine factory complex in Trenton, Michigan, that supplies a Jeep plant in Toledo, Ohio, that is on strike. Other locations with layoffs include a metal casting plant in Kokomo, Indiana, and a machining factory in Toledo. Fiorani said that if the strike widens, more workers will likely be laid off at non-striking plants. Once metal stamping factories that supply multiple assembly plants have produced enough parts for non-striking facilities, the companies would likely shut them down.“Once you've filled up the stocks for the other plants you supply," he said, “you have to lay off the workers and wait out the strike.”Separate companies that manufacture parts for the automakers are likely to have laid off workers but might not report them publicly, said Patrick Anderson, CEO of the Anderson Economic Group in Lansing, Michigan. A survey of parts supply companies by a trade association called MEMA Original Equipment Suppliers found that 30% of members have laid off workers and that more than 60% expect to start layoffs in mid-October.Fiorani said that while larger parts suppliers can likely withstand the strike, smaller companies that make parts for the bigger companies might not have enough cash or the ability to borrow to outlast the job actions. Some, he said, may have a couple dozen workers “and don't have billions in value to use as collateral in loans,” he said. Thus far, the union has decided to target a small number of plants from each company rather than have all 146,000 UAW members at the automakers go on strike at the same time.Last week, the union reported progress in the talks and decided not to add any more plants. This came after GM agreed to bring joint-venture electric vehicle battery factories into the national master contract, almost assuring that the plants will be unionized.Battery plants are a major point of contention in the negotiations. The UAW wants those plants to be unionized to assure jobs and top wages for workers who will be displaced by the industry's ongoing transition to electric vehicles.。在，一张张热气腾腾的饭桌，解决众多乡村老年人的吃饭难题，传递出浓浓的民生暖意。
C | 近日，记者走访了省内多个乡村的食堂，记录下这些家门口的烟火气如何温暖人心。积分换餐，撬动参与治理热情“今天你挣了几个积分？”“我现在有8分呢。”……8月13日17时30分，武安市贺进镇苏庄村农村互助幸福院配套的乡村大食堂里，50多位老人边排队打饭边分享着生活的点滴。老人们口中的积分指的是乡村大食堂的“食堂积分就餐制”，1积分兑换1餐。
D | “80周岁以上老人免费就餐，65至80周岁老人凭积分就餐。
E | ”村党支部书记高树良解释，村里65至80周岁老人参与食堂帮工、村庄环境整治、邻里矛盾调解都能获得积分，并且积分可自用、转让、捐赠，年底用不完还能兑换现金。作为山区村，苏庄村不大，有198户人家，65周岁以上老人98位，因年轻人多在外务工，空巢老人、留守老人所占比例不小。高树良介绍，村里有的老人一个人在家，凑合一顿是一顿。
F | 今年5月5日起，村里在互助幸福院内开设乡村大食堂，老人们一日三餐都可以在乡村大食堂就餐。“以前大家各顾各的家，叫都叫不动。
G | 现在村里有点事，‘积分群’里喊一声，志愿者名额抢着报。”高树良说，积分模式铺开后，以往靠干部串户磨嘴皮子的事，现在成了村民抢着干的“热门儿活”。全村90余位老人享受助餐服务，日均就餐55人次，参与公共事务的村民增加近四成，文明家庭、美丽庭院申报数量同比上升30%。在内丘县，类似的探索也在展开。8月10日，五郭店乡后李阳村乡村大食堂正式投入运营。
H | 开餐首日，不少老人早早来到食堂，满怀期待等候食堂第一餐。崭新的乡村大食堂，就餐大厅干净整洁，桌椅摆放整齐，后厨操作规范，菜品搭配兼顾营养与老年人口味。“一个人在家，做饭嫌麻烦，经常凑合一口。
I | 现在村里大食堂开了，出门就能吃上热菜热饭，菜品搭配也适合我们老年人。”村民梁建敏说。“我们不想只办成一个简单吃饭点，希望依托食堂搭建互助平台，让老人聚在一起，互相陪伴，把互助养老落到实处。”村党支部书记梁成超说，该村的乡村大食堂在保障老人就餐基础上，搭建邻里交流平台，鼓励身体条件允许的老人主动参与村里志愿服务、食堂日常辅助工作，形成互帮互助、共建共享的养老氛围。多方共建，确保食堂长久运营8月16日11时，秦皇岛市北戴河区戴河镇北戴河村84岁的刘纯刚走出家门，来到村里的供销便民大食堂就餐。“每天都能免费吃午饭，真是太好了。”刘纯刚说。食堂原址是村里一处闲置多年的老院子，省供销合作总社通过“社村共建”模式将其盘活。去年9月启动爱心助老服务，本村近30位80岁以上老人免费，本村村民6元、外村村民或者游客10元即可享用一荤一素、主食不限量的午餐。为让食堂长久运营，省供销合作总社成立专项孝善资金，通过系统内捐款带动社会各界捐款捐物。食堂内的两位厨师是半帮忙性质，只有少量工资。食堂还组建了由60岁至75岁的健康老人、村党员干部构成的“银龄志愿服务队”。“有人经常捐赠蔬菜、肉、鱼等物资，也能减少一部分开支，再加上孝善资金兜底，完全可以保证80岁以上老人长期免费吃。”省供销富民农业发展有限公司副总经理张恒金说。参与多方共建的还有高阳县小王果庄镇于堤村。
J | “开饭喽！”8月5日中午，高阳县小王果庄镇于堤村老年食堂里，随着清脆的吆喝声，老人们有序排队打饭。大家端着可口的饭菜围坐在桌前，边吃边聊。自2025年9月，于堤村多方整合资源，打造标准化村级老年食堂，创新“政府补、集体出、个人付、社会捐”四方筹资，组建以专职人员为主、志愿服务为辅的服务队伍，构建起兼具公益底色、普惠定价、科学配餐、温情陪护的乡村养老助餐新模式。张家口尚义县七甲乡探索的是“乡贤反哺”模式。针对辖区高龄、独居、行动不便老人吃饭难题，七甲乡主动对接本土在京创业企业家孙小龙，通过盘活乡内闲置建筑，共同打造公益社区食堂。该乡还计划把这种模式推向全乡8个行政村，通过中央厨房统一配送、村级就近助餐的模式实现全覆盖。延伸服务，老人和游客都吃农家饭8月13日一早，在阜平县顾家台村游玩的张女士来到村里的共享食堂，边吃边点赞。正吃着，村里几位老人也端着餐盘坐下，和游客一起用餐。“游客吃的是农家饭，村民们图的是方便实惠。”顾家台村党支部委员刘娇说，建共享食堂的初衷是为了解决“游客没处吃早饭、老人做饭不方便”的问题。随着樱桃采摘基地、儿童乐园等新业态相继落地，近几年来顾家台村游玩的游客越来越多，对村里的接待能力提出了更高要求。让老人们晚年过得更舒心，再结合游客和村民们的建议，村“两委”决定建设共享食堂，村里老年人与游客都可以享受服务。在共享食堂就餐，本村70岁以上老人每天只需5元，80岁以上老人免费。游客每餐15元的价格，就能吃上一顿地道的农家饭，一周7天菜品不重样。刘娇介绍，共享食堂将继续扩大规模，让前来游玩的研学团队、旅行团也能便捷就餐，把共享食堂做成展现顾家台特色、服务村民生活、壮大村集体收入的新窗口。一餐一饭，看似寻常，照见的却是民生温度。我省各地正以务实创新的探索，办好呵护乡村老人的“幸福食堂”。（日报记者 赵泽众）。
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